Ranges, {min, max}

Ranges are considered "counting qualifiers" in regular expressions. This is because they specify the minimum number of matches to find and the maximum number of matches to allow. Use ranges in regex searches when a bound, or a limit, should be placed on search results. For example, the range {3,5} matches an item at least 3 times, but not more than 5 times. When this range is combined with the regex, a{3,5}, the strings "aaa", "aaaa", and "aaaaa" are successfully matched. If only a single number is expressed within curly braces {3}, the pattern matches exactly three items. For example, the regex b{3} matches the string "bbb".

Using ranges to identify search patterns.

Example 1: Match the preceding "0" at least 3 times with a maximum of 5 times.

  • Regex:
    60{3,5} years
  • Matches:
    6000 years
    60000 years
    600000 years
  • Doesn't Match:
    60 years
    600 years
    6003 years
    6000000 years

Example 2: Using the "." wildcard to match any character sequence two or three characters long.

  • Regex:
    .{2,3}
  • Matches:
    404
    44
    com
    w3
  • Doesn't Match:
    4
    a
    aaaa

Example 3: Match the preceding "e" exactly twice.

  • Regex:
    be{2}t
  • Matches:
    beet
  • Doesn't Match:
    bet
    beat
    eee

Example 4: Match the preceding "w" exactly three times.

  • Regex:
    w{3}\.mydomain\.com
  • Matches:
    www.mydomain.com
  • Doesn't Match:
    web.mydomain.com
    w3.mydomain.com