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DNS

The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-friendly computer hostnames into numerical IP addresses (like a phone book for the internet).

Example

www.example.com might translate to the IP addresses 93.184.216.34 (IPv4) and 2606:2800:220:1:248:1893:25c8:1946 (IPv6).

DNS records can be quickly updated, which allows a service's location on the network to change without affecting the users, who continue to use the same hostname.