DNS
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-friendly computer hostnames into numerical IP addresses (like a phone book for the internet).
Example
www.example.com
might translate to the IP addresses 93.184.216.34
(IPv4) and 2606:2800:220:1:248:1893:25c8:1946
(IPv6).
DNS records can be quickly updated, which allows a service's location on the network to change without affecting the users, who continue to use the same hostname.