Device access

You can control access to the management services of Sophos Firewall from custom and default zones using the local service ACL (Access Control List).

Local services are management services specific to the internal functioning of Sophos Firewall, such as web admin and CLI consoles, and authentication services. You can allow or block access to local services from Administration > Device access.

• Select the check boxes to allow access to these services from different zones. For more details about the services, go to Access to local services from zones.
• To only allow specific hosts and networks to access the services, scroll down to Local service ACL exception rule, and click Add.

Local service ACL: How device access works

The following conditions apply to local services:

• You can't control traffic to these services using firewall rules. You can only do so from Administration > Device access.

• For custom zones, you can also allow or block access from Network > Zones.

• To access a local service that shares a host's subnet, zone, or interface, you must select the zone. For example, to access the DNS service from the LAN zone when Sophos Firewall is the DNS server, you must select LAN for DNS.

• The default ports are used to provide access to these services, and the destination IP address is set to Sophos Firewall.
• You can change the default ports of some services, such as SSL VPN and user portal, from the corresponding settings pages. If you change the ports, we recommend that you don't use the SSL VPN port for other services. It allows access to the services from zones that you turned off here.
• If the firewall's web proxy is configured, the HTTP and HTTPS requests from the web proxy are internal, rather than coming from a zone, so you can't control these requests from Administration > Device access. This means users with access to the web proxy in any zone can connect to HTTP and HTTPS services, such as the web admin console, captive portal, VPN portal, and user portal, even if those services aren't turned on for the zone the users are accessing them from.

The default settings for the local service access control list are in the following image.

Best practices

Administrative services and user portal: We do not recommend allowing access to the web admin console (HTTPS), CLI console (SSH), and the user portal from the WAN zone or over the SSL VPN port. If you must give access, we recommend using the best practices listed in the table in this section.

SSL VPN port: By default, all management services use unique ports. SSL VPN is set to TCP port 8443.

Default admin password settings

The factory configuration of Sophos Firewall carries a default super administrator with the following credentials:

Username: admin

Password: admin

You can use these to sign in to the web admin console and the CLI. You must change the default password when you configure Sophos Firewall for the first time. Your password must not be a commonly used password or a dictionary word. Sophos Firewall compares the password you're trying to set with a database that includes commonly used passwords and dictionary words. If your password matches a password in the database, the firewall prompts you to change it.

Sophos Firewall offers stronger password protection for the default super administrator. To benefit from the protection, you must change the password if you're upgrading from 18.0 MR3 or earlier or 17.5 MR14. This is a one-time change.

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) for default admin

You can set up MFA based on hardware or software tokens for the default administrator.

1. Turn on MFA for default admin and click Apply.

2. Select a token method and click Next:

   • Configure a hardware token:

     1. Enter the key the device manufacturer provides.
     2. Enter the timestep that matches the value configured in the hardware token.

     3. Click Next and enter the default admin's password followed by the passcode shown on the hardware token.

        Example: <password><passcode>

     4. Click Validate and click Apply.

   • Generate a software token:

     1. Install an authenticator app on your mobile device and scan the QR code.
     2. Enter your password followed by the passcode in the following format: <password><passcode>.
     3. Click Validate and click Apply.

   Warning

   If you apply MFA for the default admin, make sure you store the additional passcodes in a secure location, such as a password manager. See Generate passcodes on the firewall.

   If you don't, you risk losing access if the default admin loses the mobile device that has the authenticator app.

   Note

   If the hardware or software token isn't available, you can skip MFA the next time the default administrator signs in to the web admin console, or you can reset the MFA. See Skip multi-factor authentication for next administrator sign-in or Reset multi-factor authentication for Admin user.

If you have an existing hardware or software token and are only turning on MFA, choose from the following options and follow the instructions:

• Use an existing token: Enter the password followed by the passcode.
• Generate a software token: Scan the QR code using an authenticator app.

Public key authentication for admin

You can use these public keys for secure access to the CLI. You can add, edit, or delete SSH keys.

1. Turn on Enable authentication to allow secure access to the CLI using an SSH key.
2. To generate a public-private key pair, use SSH tools (example: PuTTYgen).
3. Go to Administration > Device access, scroll down to Public key authentication for admin, and add the public key.

4. Share the private key with the administrator who needs to access the CLI.

   To access the CLI, the administrator must enter the private key in the SSH tool (example: PuTTY).

   You can also use this method to give secure access to Sophos Support for troubleshooting purposes.